Which layer of security ensures that only authorized personnel can access the vault?

The layer of security that ensures only authorized personnel can access the vault is authentication. This process involves verifying the identity of individuals attempting to gain access. It typically utilizes various methods, such as usernames and passwords, multi-factor authentication, or other credentials, to confirm that the person seeking entry is indeed permitted to do so.

When authentication is properly implemented, it acts as a critical first line of defense to protect sensitive information and systems. This means that before any access to the vault is granted, the system checks the credentials provided, preventing unauthorized users from accessing the sensitive data stored within.

While session encryption secures the data being transmitted, auditing tracks activities within the system for later analysis, and firewalls protect the network perimeter, they do not specifically determine who is authorized to access the vault itself. Thus, the role of authentication in restricting access to only those who have been verified is essential for maintaining the security of privileged access.